Oven Temperature Conversion: °C, °F and Gas Mark

To convert an oven temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 9/5 and add 32. To go from Fahrenheit to Celsius, subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9. That makes 180°C equal to 356°F, which recipes round to 350°F, or gas mark 4.

Oven temperature conversion trips people up because recipes rarely use the exact result. They round to familiar steps, and British recipes may give a gas mark instead of degrees. The free oven temperature converter shows Celsius, Fahrenheit and gas mark side by side, so one number gives you all three.

Below you will find the formulas, a full conversion chart with fan oven settings, and the adjustments that matter more than the conversion itself.

Oven temperature conversion formulas

°F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9

The same formulas convert any temperature, from a fever reading to the weather. For temperatures outside the kitchen, including Kelvin, use the general temperature converter or read how the Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales relate.

Worked example: 180°C to Fahrenheit

1. Multiply by 9/5: 180 × 9/5 = 324.
2. Add 32: 324 + 32 = 356°F.
3. Round to the nearest common oven setting: 350°F.

Worked example: 425°F to Celsius

1. Subtract 32: 425 − 32 = 393.
2. Multiply by 5/9: 393 × 5/9 = 218.3°C.
3. Round to the nearest 10 degrees: 220°C, which is gas mark 7.

The rounding is deliberate. Home oven dials usually move in steps of 25°F or 10°C, and a typical thermostat swings several degrees around its target anyway, so 356°F and 350°F bake the same.

Oven temperature conversion chart

This chart uses the rounded values found in most recipes. The fan column applies the usual reduction of about 20°C for fan-assisted ovens.

Gas mark	°F	°C	°C fan	Description
1/4	225	110	90	Very cool
1/2	250	120	100	Very cool
1	275	140	120	Cool
2	300	150	130	Cool
3	325	170	150	Warm
4	350	180	160	Moderate
5	375	190	170	Moderately hot
6	400	200	180	Fairly hot
7	425	220	200	Hot
8	450	230	210	Very hot
9	475	240	220	Very hot

Charts disagree slightly at a few points. 325°F is exactly 163°C, so you will see gas mark 3 listed as either 160°C or 170°C. Either works. As a rough guide, the cool marks suit meringues and slow cooking, gas 3 to 5 covers most cakes, cookies and brownies, and gas 6 to 9 is for roasting, bread and pizza.

Fan, convection and conventional ovens

A fan oven, called a convection oven in the US, blows hot air around the food. Moving air transfers heat faster, so food browns and cooks sooner than at the same setting in a conventional oven.

• Fan oven rule: lower the recipe temperature by about 20°C, or 25°F in Fahrenheit recipes.
• Check your recipe first. Many UK and Australian recipes print both a conventional and a fan temperature. Don't subtract twice.
• Check your oven. Some convection ovens reduce the temperature automatically when you select the fan setting. The manual will say.
• Alternative: keep the original temperature and start checking for doneness 5 to 10 minutes early.

How to use the Oven Temperature Converter

1. Open the Oven Temperature Converter and choose what you are converting from: Celsius, Fahrenheit or Gas Mark.
2. Type the temperature from your recipe, or drag the slider below the field. The Celsius slider runs from 50 to 300°C and the Fahrenheit slider from 100 to 600°F. For a gas mark, pick it from the list, from 1/4 to 9.
3. Read the three results together: Celsius and Fahrenheit, rounded to whole degrees, plus the matching gas mark.
4. Use the Gas mark chart below the results to see the Celsius and Fahrenheit for each gas mark from 1/4 to 9.
5. If you have a fan oven and the recipe was written for a conventional one, subtract about 20°C from the result.

When you start from a gas mark, the tool shows the temperatures the chart above prints for it, so gas mark 4 reads 180°C and 350°F. When you start from degrees, it shows the nearest gas mark on the scale you typed: 175°C sits halfway between gas 3 and gas 4, and goes to gas 4 because it is 347°F.

Tips for getting the temperature right

• Use an oven thermometer. Many home ovens run hotter or cooler than the dial says. A cheap oven thermometer shows the real temperature, and the converter can't correct for a miscalibrated oven.
• Preheat fully. The preheat light often switches off before the walls are hot. Giving the oven an extra 10 minutes helps cakes rise evenly.
• Adjust for glass and dark pans. Glass dishes and dark metal pans brown food faster. A common fix is to lower the temperature by 25°F, or about 15°C.
• Think about pan size too. A deeper pan needs more time, not more heat. If you have swapped pans, compare volumes with the baking pan converter.
• Convert the ingredients while you are at it. A recipe written in Celsius usually lists grams. Our guide to converting cups to grams covers the rest of the recipe.

Frequently asked questions

What is 180°C in Fahrenheit?

180°C is 356°F. Recipes round it to 350°F, which is gas mark 4, the most common setting for cakes and cookies.

What is 350°F in Celsius?

350°F is 176.7°C. Recipes usually write it as 180°C, or 175°C in some cases, and it equals gas mark 4.

What is 200°C in Fahrenheit?

200°C is 392°F, which recipes round to 400°F. It corresponds to gas mark 6, or 180°C in a fan oven.

What temperature is gas mark 6?

Gas mark 6 is 200°C or 400°F in a conventional oven. In a fan oven, use about 180°C.

How much lower should a fan oven be?

Set a fan or convection oven about 20°C (25°F) lower than a recipe written for a conventional oven. If the recipe already gives a fan temperature, use that figure as written.

Why don't recipes use the exact converted temperature?

Oven dials move in steps of about 10°C or 25°F, and thermostats swing a few degrees around the setting. Rounding to the nearest common step makes no practical difference to the result.